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+// Copyright (c) 2011 The LevelDB Authors. All rights reserved.
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+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
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+// found in the LICENSE file. See the AUTHORS file for names of contributors.
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+
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+#include <sys/types.h>
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+#include <stdio.h>
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+#include <stdlib.h>
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+#include "db/db_impl.h"
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+#include "db/version_set.h"
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+#include "leveldb/cache.h"
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+#include "leveldb/db.h"
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+#include "leveldb/env.h"
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+#include "leveldb/write_batch.h"
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+#include "port/port.h"
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+#include "util/crc32c.h"
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+#include "util/histogram.h"
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+#include "util/mutexlock.h"
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+#include "util/random.h"
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+#include "util/testutil.h"
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+
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+// Comma-separated list of operations to run in the specified order
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+// Actual benchmarks:
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+// fillseq -- write N values in sequential key order in async mode
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+// fillrandom -- write N values in random key order in async mode
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+// overwrite -- overwrite N values in random key order in async mode
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+// fillsync -- write N/100 values in random key order in sync mode
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+// fill100K -- write N/1000 100K values in random order in async mode
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+// deleteseq -- delete N keys in sequential order
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+// deleterandom -- delete N keys in random order
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+// readseq -- read N times sequentially
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+// readreverse -- read N times in reverse order
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+// readrandom -- read N times in random order
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+// readmissing -- read N missing keys in random order
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+// readhot -- read N times in random order from 1% section of DB
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+// seekrandom -- N random seeks
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+// crc32c -- repeated crc32c of 4K of data
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+// acquireload -- load N*1000 times
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+// Meta operations:
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+// compact -- Compact the entire DB
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+// stats -- Print DB stats
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+// sstables -- Print sstable info
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+// heapprofile -- Dump a heap profile (if supported by this port)
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+static const char* FLAGS_benchmarks =
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+ "fillseq,"
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+ "fillsync,"
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+ "fillrandom,"
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+ "overwrite,"
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+ "readrandom,"
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+ "readrandom," // Extra run to allow previous compactions to quiesce
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+ "readseq,"
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+ "readreverse,"
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+ "compact,"
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+ "readrandom,"
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+ "readseq,"
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+ "readreverse,"
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+ "fill100K,"
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+ "crc32c,"
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+ "snappycomp,"
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+ "snappyuncomp,"
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+ "acquireload,"
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+ ;
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+
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+// Number of key/values to place in database
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+static int FLAGS_num = 1000000;
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+
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+// Number of read operations to do. If negative, do FLAGS_num reads.
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+static int FLAGS_reads = -1;
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+
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+// Number of concurrent threads to run.
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+static int FLAGS_threads = 1;
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+
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+// Size of each value
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+static int FLAGS_value_size = 100;
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+
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+// Arrange to generate values that shrink to this fraction of
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+// their original size after compression
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+static double FLAGS_compression_ratio = 0.5;
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+
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+// Print histogram of operation timings
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+static bool FLAGS_histogram = false;
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+
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+// Number of bytes to buffer in memtable before compacting
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+// (initialized to default value by "main")
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+static int FLAGS_write_buffer_size = 0;
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+
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+// Number of bytes to use as a cache of uncompressed data.
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+// Negative means use default settings.
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+static int FLAGS_cache_size = -1;
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+
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+// Maximum number of files to keep open at the same time (use default if == 0)
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+static int FLAGS_open_files = 0;
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+
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+// Bloom filter bits per key.
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+// Negative means use default settings.
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+static int FLAGS_bloom_bits = -1;
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+
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+// If true, do not destroy the existing database. If you set this
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+// flag and also specify a benchmark that wants a fresh database, that
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+// benchmark will fail.
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+static bool FLAGS_use_existing_db = false;
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+
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+// Use the db with the following name.
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+static const char* FLAGS_db = NULL;
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+
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+namespace leveldb {
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+
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+namespace {
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+
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+// Helper for quickly generating random data.
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+class RandomGenerator {
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+ private:
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+ std::string data_;
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+ int pos_;
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+
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+ public:
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+ RandomGenerator() {
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+ // We use a limited amount of data over and over again and ensure
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+ // that it is larger than the compression window (32KB), and also
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+ // large enough to serve all typical value sizes we want to write.
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+ Random rnd(301);
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+ std::string piece;
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+ while (data_.size() < 1048576) {
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+ // Add a short fragment that is as compressible as specified
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+ // by FLAGS_compression_ratio.
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+ test::CompressibleString(&rnd, FLAGS_compression_ratio, 100, &piece);
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+ data_.append(piece);
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+ }
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+ pos_ = 0;
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+ }
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+
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+ Slice Generate(int len) {
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+ if (pos_ + len > data_.size()) {
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+ pos_ = 0;
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+ assert(len < data_.size());
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+ }
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+ pos_ += len;
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+ return Slice(data_.data() + pos_ - len, len);
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+ }
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+};
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+
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+static Slice TrimSpace(Slice s) {
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+ int start = 0;
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+ while (start < s.size() && isspace(s[start])) {
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+ start++;
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+ }
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+ int limit = s.size();
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+ while (limit > start && isspace(s[limit-1])) {
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+ limit--;
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+ }
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+ return Slice(s.data() + start, limit - start);
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+}
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+
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+static void AppendWithSpace(std::string* str, Slice msg) {
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+ if (msg.empty()) return;
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+ if (!str->empty()) {
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+ str->push_back(' ');
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+ }
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+ str->append(msg.data(), msg.size());
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+}
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+
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+class Stats {
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+ private:
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+ double start_;
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+ double finish_;
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+ double seconds_;
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+ int done_;
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+ int next_report_;
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+ int64_t bytes_;
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+ double last_op_finish_;
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+ Histogram hist_;
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+ std::string message_;
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+
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+ public:
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+ Stats() { Start(); }
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+
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+ void Start() {
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+ next_report_ = 100;
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+ last_op_finish_ = start_;
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+ hist_.Clear();
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+ done_ = 0;
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+ bytes_ = 0;
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+ seconds_ = 0;
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+ start_ = Env::Default()->NowMicros();
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+ finish_ = start_;
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+ message_.clear();
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+ }
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+
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+ void Merge(const Stats& other) {
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+ hist_.Merge(other.hist_);
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+ done_ += other.done_;
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+ bytes_ += other.bytes_;
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+ seconds_ += other.seconds_;
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+ if (other.start_ < start_) start_ = other.start_;
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+ if (other.finish_ > finish_) finish_ = other.finish_;
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+
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+ // Just keep the messages from one thread
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+ if (message_.empty()) message_ = other.message_;
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+ }
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+
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+ void Stop() {
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+ finish_ = Env::Default()->NowMicros();
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+ seconds_ = (finish_ - start_) * 1e-6;
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+ }
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+
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+ void AddMessage(Slice msg) {
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+ AppendWithSpace(&message_, msg);
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+ }
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+
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+ void FinishedSingleOp() {
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+ if (FLAGS_histogram) {
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+ double now = Env::Default()->NowMicros();
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+ double micros = now - last_op_finish_;
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+ hist_.Add(micros);
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+ if (micros > 20000) {
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+ fprintf(stderr, "long op: %.1f micros%30s\r", micros, "");
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+ fflush(stderr);
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+ }
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+ last_op_finish_ = now;
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+ }
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+
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+ done_++;
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+ if (done_ >= next_report_) {
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+ if (next_report_ < 1000) next_report_ += 100;
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+ else if (next_report_ < 5000) next_report_ += 500;
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+ else if (next_report_ < 10000) next_report_ += 1000;
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+ else if (next_report_ < 50000) next_report_ += 5000;
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+ else if (next_report_ < 100000) next_report_ += 10000;
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+ else if (next_report_ < 500000) next_report_ += 50000;
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+ else next_report_ += 100000;
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+ fprintf(stderr, "... finished %d ops%30s\r", done_, "");
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+ fflush(stderr);
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+ }
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+ }
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+
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+ void AddBytes(int64_t n) {
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+ bytes_ += n;
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+ }
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+
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+ void Report(const Slice& name) {
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+ // Pretend at least one op was done in case we are running a benchmark
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+ // that does not call FinishedSingleOp().
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+ if (done_ < 1) done_ = 1;
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+
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+ std::string extra;
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+ if (bytes_ > 0) {
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+ // Rate is computed on actual elapsed time, not the sum of per-thread
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+ // elapsed times.
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+ double elapsed = (finish_ - start_) * 1e-6;
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+ char rate[100];
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+ snprintf(rate, sizeof(rate), "%6.1f MB/s",
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+ (bytes_ / 1048576.0) / elapsed);
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+ extra = rate;
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+ }
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+ AppendWithSpace(&extra, message_);
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+
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+ fprintf(stdout, "%-12s : %11.3f micros/op;%s%s\n",
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+ name.ToString().c_str(),
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+ seconds_ * 1e6 / done_,
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+ (extra.empty() ? "" : " "),
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+ extra.c_str());
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+ if (FLAGS_histogram) {
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+ fprintf(stdout, "Microseconds per op:\n%s\n", hist_.ToString().c_str());
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+ }
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+ fflush(stdout);
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+ }
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+};
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+
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+// State shared by all concurrent executions of the same benchmark.
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+struct SharedState {
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+ port::Mutex mu;
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+ port::CondVar cv;
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+ int total;
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+
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+ // Each thread goes through the following states:
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+ // (1) initializing
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+ // (2) waiting for others to be initialized
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+ // (3) running
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+ // (4) done
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+
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+ int num_initialized;
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+ int num_done;
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+ bool start;
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+
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+ SharedState() : cv(&mu) { }
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+};
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+
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+// Per-thread state for concurrent executions of the same benchmark.
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+struct ThreadState {
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+ int tid; // 0..n-1 when running in n threads
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+ Random rand; // Has different seeds for different threads
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+ Stats stats;
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+ SharedState* shared;
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+
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+ ThreadState(int index)
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+ : tid(index),
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+ rand(1000 + index) {
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+ }
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+};
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+
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+} // namespace
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+
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+class Benchmark {
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+ private:
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+ Cache* cache_;
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+ const FilterPolicy* filter_policy_;
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+ DB* db_;
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+ int num_;
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+ int value_size_;
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+ int entries_per_batch_;
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+ WriteOptions write_options_;
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+ int reads_;
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+ int heap_counter_;
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+
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+ void PrintHeader() {
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+ const int kKeySize = 16;
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+ PrintEnvironment();
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+ fprintf(stdout, "Keys: %d bytes each\n", kKeySize);
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+ fprintf(stdout, "Values: %d bytes each (%d bytes after compression)\n",
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+ FLAGS_value_size,
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+ static_cast<int>(FLAGS_value_size * FLAGS_compression_ratio + 0.5));
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+ fprintf(stdout, "Entries: %d\n", num_);
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+ fprintf(stdout, "RawSize: %.1f MB (estimated)\n",
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+ ((static_cast<int64_t>(kKeySize + FLAGS_value_size) * num_)
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+ / 1048576.0));
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+ fprintf(stdout, "FileSize: %.1f MB (estimated)\n",
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+ (((kKeySize + FLAGS_value_size * FLAGS_compression_ratio) * num_)
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+ / 1048576.0));
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+ PrintWarnings();
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+ fprintf(stdout, "------------------------------------------------\n");
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+ }
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+
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+ void PrintWarnings() {
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+#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__OPTIMIZE__)
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+ fprintf(stdout,
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+ "WARNING: Optimization is disabled: benchmarks unnecessarily slow\n"
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+ );
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+#endif
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+#ifndef NDEBUG
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+ fprintf(stdout,
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+ "WARNING: Assertions are enabled; benchmarks unnecessarily slow\n");
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+#endif
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+
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+ // See if snappy is working by attempting to compress a compressible string
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+ const char text[] = "yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy";
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+ std::string compressed;
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+ if (!port::Snappy_Compress(text, sizeof(text), &compressed)) {
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+ fprintf(stdout, "WARNING: Snappy compression is not enabled\n");
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+ } else if (compressed.size() >= sizeof(text)) {
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+ fprintf(stdout, "WARNING: Snappy compression is not effective\n");
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+ }
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+ }
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+
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+ void PrintEnvironment() {
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+ fprintf(stderr, "LevelDB: version %d.%d\n",
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+ kMajorVersion, kMinorVersion);
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+
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+#if defined(__linux)
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+ time_t now = time(NULL);
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+ fprintf(stderr, "Date: %s", ctime(&now)); // ctime() adds newline
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+
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+ FILE* cpuinfo = fopen("/proc/cpuinfo", "r");
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+ if (cpuinfo != NULL) {
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+ char line[1000];
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+ int num_cpus = 0;
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+ std::string cpu_type;
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+ std::string cache_size;
|
|
|
|
+ while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), cpuinfo) != NULL) {
|
|
|
|
+ const char* sep = strchr(line, ':');
|
|
|
|
+ if (sep == NULL) {
|
|
|
|
+ continue;
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ Slice key = TrimSpace(Slice(line, sep - 1 - line));
|
|
|
|
+ Slice val = TrimSpace(Slice(sep + 1));
|
|
|
|
+ if (key == "model name") {
|
|
|
|
+ ++num_cpus;
|
|
|
|
+ cpu_type = val.ToString();
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (key == "cache size") {
|
|
|
|
+ cache_size = val.ToString();
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ fclose(cpuinfo);
|
|
|
|
+ fprintf(stderr, "CPU: %d * %s\n", num_cpus, cpu_type.c_str());
|
|
|
|
+ fprintf(stderr, "CPUCache: %s\n", cache_size.c_str());
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+#endif
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ public:
|
|
|
|
+ Benchmark()
|
|
|
|
+ : cache_(FLAGS_cache_size >= 0 ? NewLRUCache(FLAGS_cache_size) : NULL),
|
|
|
|
+ filter_policy_(FLAGS_bloom_bits >= 0
|
|
|
|
+ ? NewBloomFilterPolicy(FLAGS_bloom_bits)
|
|
|
|
+ : NULL),
|
|
|
|
+ db_(NULL),
|
|
|
|
+ num_(FLAGS_num),
|
|
|
|
+ value_size_(FLAGS_value_size),
|
|
|
|
+ entries_per_batch_(1),
|
|
|
|
+ reads_(FLAGS_reads < 0 ? FLAGS_num : FLAGS_reads),
|
|
|
|
+ heap_counter_(0) {
|
|
|
|
+ std::vector<std::string> files;
|
|
|
|
+ Env::Default()->GetChildren(FLAGS_db, &files);
|
|
|
|
+ for (int i = 0; i < files.size(); i++) {
|
|
|
|
+ if (Slice(files[i]).starts_with("heap-")) {
|
|
|
|
+ Env::Default()->DeleteFile(std::string(FLAGS_db) + "/" + files[i]);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ if (!FLAGS_use_existing_db) {
|
|
|
|
+ DestroyDB(FLAGS_db, Options());
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ ~Benchmark() {
|
|
|
|
+ delete db_;
|
|
|
|
+ delete cache_;
|
|
|
|
+ delete filter_policy_;
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void Run() {
|
|
|
|
+ PrintHeader();
|
|
|
|
+ Open();
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ const char* benchmarks = FLAGS_benchmarks;
|
|
|
|
+ while (benchmarks != NULL) {
|
|
|
|
+ const char* sep = strchr(benchmarks, ',');
|
|
|
|
+ Slice name;
|
|
|
|
+ if (sep == NULL) {
|
|
|
|
+ name = benchmarks;
|
|
|
|
+ benchmarks = NULL;
|
|
|
|
+ } else {
|
|
|
|
+ name = Slice(benchmarks, sep - benchmarks);
|
|
|
|
+ benchmarks = sep + 1;
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ // Reset parameters that may be overriddden bwlow
|
|
|
|
+ num_ = FLAGS_num;
|
|
|
|
+ reads_ = (FLAGS_reads < 0 ? FLAGS_num : FLAGS_reads);
|
|
|
|
+ value_size_ = FLAGS_value_size;
|
|
|
|
+ entries_per_batch_ = 1;
|
|
|
|
+ write_options_ = WriteOptions();
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void (Benchmark::*method)(ThreadState*) = NULL;
|
|
|
|
+ bool fresh_db = false;
|
|
|
|
+ int num_threads = FLAGS_threads;
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ if (name == Slice("fillseq")) {
|
|
|
|
+ fresh_db = true;
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::WriteSeq;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("fillbatch")) {
|
|
|
|
+ fresh_db = true;
|
|
|
|
+ entries_per_batch_ = 1000;
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::WriteSeq;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("fillrandom")) {
|
|
|
|
+ fresh_db = true;
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::WriteRandom;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("overwrite")) {
|
|
|
|
+ fresh_db = false;
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::WriteRandom;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("fillsync")) {
|
|
|
|
+ fresh_db = true;
|
|
|
|
+ num_ /= 1000;
|
|
|
|
+ write_options_.sync = true;
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::WriteRandom;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("fill100K")) {
|
|
|
|
+ fresh_db = true;
|
|
|
|
+ num_ /= 1000;
|
|
|
|
+ value_size_ = 100 * 1000;
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::WriteRandom;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("readseq")) {
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::ReadSequential;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("readreverse")) {
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::ReadReverse;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("readrandom")) {
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::ReadRandom;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("readmissing")) {
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::ReadMissing;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("seekrandom")) {
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::SeekRandom;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("readhot")) {
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::ReadHot;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("readrandomsmall")) {
|
|
|
|
+ reads_ /= 1000;
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::ReadRandom;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("deleteseq")) {
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::DeleteSeq;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("deleterandom")) {
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::DeleteRandom;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("readwhilewriting")) {
|
|
|
|
+ num_threads++; // Add extra thread for writing
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::ReadWhileWriting;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("compact")) {
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::Compact;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("crc32c")) {
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::Crc32c;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("acquireload")) {
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::AcquireLoad;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("snappycomp")) {
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::SnappyCompress;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("snappyuncomp")) {
|
|
|
|
+ method = &Benchmark::SnappyUncompress;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("heapprofile")) {
|
|
|
|
+ HeapProfile();
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("stats")) {
|
|
|
|
+ PrintStats("leveldb.stats");
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (name == Slice("sstables")) {
|
|
|
|
+ PrintStats("leveldb.sstables");
|
|
|
|
+ } else {
|
|
|
|
+ if (name != Slice()) { // No error message for empty name
|
|
|
|
+ fprintf(stderr, "unknown benchmark '%s'\n", name.ToString().c_str());
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ if (fresh_db) {
|
|
|
|
+ if (FLAGS_use_existing_db) {
|
|
|
|
+ fprintf(stdout, "%-12s : skipped (--use_existing_db is true)\n",
|
|
|
|
+ name.ToString().c_str());
|
|
|
|
+ method = NULL;
|
|
|
|
+ } else {
|
|
|
|
+ delete db_;
|
|
|
|
+ db_ = NULL;
|
|
|
|
+ DestroyDB(FLAGS_db, Options());
|
|
|
|
+ Open();
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ if (method != NULL) {
|
|
|
|
+ RunBenchmark(num_threads, name, method);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ private:
|
|
|
|
+ struct ThreadArg {
|
|
|
|
+ Benchmark* bm;
|
|
|
|
+ SharedState* shared;
|
|
|
|
+ ThreadState* thread;
|
|
|
|
+ void (Benchmark::*method)(ThreadState*);
|
|
|
|
+ };
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ static void ThreadBody(void* v) {
|
|
|
|
+ ThreadArg* arg = reinterpret_cast<ThreadArg*>(v);
|
|
|
|
+ SharedState* shared = arg->shared;
|
|
|
|
+ ThreadState* thread = arg->thread;
|
|
|
|
+ {
|
|
|
|
+ MutexLock l(&shared->mu);
|
|
|
|
+ shared->num_initialized++;
|
|
|
|
+ if (shared->num_initialized >= shared->total) {
|
|
|
|
+ shared->cv.SignalAll();
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ while (!shared->start) {
|
|
|
|
+ shared->cv.Wait();
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.Start();
|
|
|
|
+ (arg->bm->*(arg->method))(thread);
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.Stop();
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ {
|
|
|
|
+ MutexLock l(&shared->mu);
|
|
|
|
+ shared->num_done++;
|
|
|
|
+ if (shared->num_done >= shared->total) {
|
|
|
|
+ shared->cv.SignalAll();
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void RunBenchmark(int n, Slice name,
|
|
|
|
+ void (Benchmark::*method)(ThreadState*)) {
|
|
|
|
+ SharedState shared;
|
|
|
|
+ shared.total = n;
|
|
|
|
+ shared.num_initialized = 0;
|
|
|
|
+ shared.num_done = 0;
|
|
|
|
+ shared.start = false;
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ ThreadArg* arg = new ThreadArg[n];
|
|
|
|
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
|
|
|
|
+ arg[i].bm = this;
|
|
|
|
+ arg[i].method = method;
|
|
|
|
+ arg[i].shared = &shared;
|
|
|
|
+ arg[i].thread = new ThreadState(i);
|
|
|
|
+ arg[i].thread->shared = &shared;
|
|
|
|
+ Env::Default()->StartThread(ThreadBody, &arg[i]);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ shared.mu.Lock();
|
|
|
|
+ while (shared.num_initialized < n) {
|
|
|
|
+ shared.cv.Wait();
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ shared.start = true;
|
|
|
|
+ shared.cv.SignalAll();
|
|
|
|
+ while (shared.num_done < n) {
|
|
|
|
+ shared.cv.Wait();
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ shared.mu.Unlock();
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
|
|
|
|
+ arg[0].thread->stats.Merge(arg[i].thread->stats);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ arg[0].thread->stats.Report(name);
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
|
|
|
|
+ delete arg[i].thread;
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ delete[] arg;
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void Crc32c(ThreadState* thread) {
|
|
|
|
+ // Checksum about 500MB of data total
|
|
|
|
+ const int size = 4096;
|
|
|
|
+ const char* label = "(4K per op)";
|
|
|
|
+ std::string data(size, 'x');
|
|
|
|
+ int64_t bytes = 0;
|
|
|
|
+ uint32_t crc = 0;
|
|
|
|
+ while (bytes < 500 * 1048576) {
|
|
|
|
+ crc = crc32c::Value(data.data(), size);
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
|
|
|
|
+ bytes += size;
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ // Print so result is not dead
|
|
|
|
+ fprintf(stderr, "... crc=0x%x\r", static_cast<unsigned int>(crc));
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.AddBytes(bytes);
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.AddMessage(label);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void AcquireLoad(ThreadState* thread) {
|
|
|
|
+ int dummy;
|
|
|
|
+ port::AtomicPointer ap(&dummy);
|
|
|
|
+ int count = 0;
|
|
|
|
+ void *ptr = NULL;
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.AddMessage("(each op is 1000 loads)");
|
|
|
|
+ while (count < 100000) {
|
|
|
|
+ for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
|
|
|
|
+ ptr = ap.Acquire_Load();
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ count++;
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ if (ptr == NULL) exit(1); // Disable unused variable warning.
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void SnappyCompress(ThreadState* thread) {
|
|
|
|
+ RandomGenerator gen;
|
|
|
|
+ Slice input = gen.Generate(Options().block_size);
|
|
|
|
+ int64_t bytes = 0;
|
|
|
|
+ int64_t produced = 0;
|
|
|
|
+ bool ok = true;
|
|
|
|
+ std::string compressed;
|
|
|
|
+ while (ok && bytes < 1024 * 1048576) { // Compress 1G
|
|
|
|
+ ok = port::Snappy_Compress(input.data(), input.size(), &compressed);
|
|
|
|
+ produced += compressed.size();
|
|
|
|
+ bytes += input.size();
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ if (!ok) {
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.AddMessage("(snappy failure)");
|
|
|
|
+ } else {
|
|
|
|
+ char buf[100];
|
|
|
|
+ snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "(output: %.1f%%)",
|
|
|
|
+ (produced * 100.0) / bytes);
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.AddMessage(buf);
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.AddBytes(bytes);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void SnappyUncompress(ThreadState* thread) {
|
|
|
|
+ RandomGenerator gen;
|
|
|
|
+ Slice input = gen.Generate(Options().block_size);
|
|
|
|
+ std::string compressed;
|
|
|
|
+ bool ok = port::Snappy_Compress(input.data(), input.size(), &compressed);
|
|
|
|
+ int64_t bytes = 0;
|
|
|
|
+ char* uncompressed = new char[input.size()];
|
|
|
|
+ while (ok && bytes < 1024 * 1048576) { // Compress 1G
|
|
|
|
+ ok = port::Snappy_Uncompress(compressed.data(), compressed.size(),
|
|
|
|
+ uncompressed);
|
|
|
|
+ bytes += input.size();
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ delete[] uncompressed;
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ if (!ok) {
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.AddMessage("(snappy failure)");
|
|
|
|
+ } else {
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.AddBytes(bytes);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void Open() {
|
|
|
|
+ assert(db_ == NULL);
|
|
|
|
+ Options options;
|
|
|
|
+ options.create_if_missing = !FLAGS_use_existing_db;
|
|
|
|
+ options.block_cache = cache_;
|
|
|
|
+ options.write_buffer_size = FLAGS_write_buffer_size;
|
|
|
|
+ options.max_open_files = FLAGS_open_files;
|
|
|
|
+ options.filter_policy = filter_policy_;
|
|
|
|
+ Status s = DB::Open(options, FLAGS_db, &db_);
|
|
|
|
+ if (!s.ok()) {
|
|
|
|
+ fprintf(stderr, "open error: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
|
|
|
|
+ exit(1);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void WriteSeq(ThreadState* thread) {
|
|
|
|
+ DoWrite(thread, true);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void WriteRandom(ThreadState* thread) {
|
|
|
|
+ DoWrite(thread, false);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void DoWrite(ThreadState* thread, bool seq) {
|
|
|
|
+ if (num_ != FLAGS_num) {
|
|
|
|
+ char msg[100];
|
|
|
|
+ snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "(%d ops)", num_);
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.AddMessage(msg);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ RandomGenerator gen;
|
|
|
|
+ WriteBatch batch;
|
|
|
|
+ Status s;
|
|
|
|
+ int64_t bytes = 0;
|
|
|
|
+ for (int i = 0; i < num_; i += entries_per_batch_) {
|
|
|
|
+ batch.Clear();
|
|
|
|
+ for (int j = 0; j < entries_per_batch_; j++) {
|
|
|
|
+ const int k = seq ? i+j : (thread->rand.Next() % FLAGS_num);
|
|
|
|
+ char key[100];
|
|
|
|
+ snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
|
|
|
|
+ batch.Put(key, gen.Generate(value_size_));
|
|
|
|
+ bytes += value_size_ + strlen(key);
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ s = db_->Write(write_options_, &batch);
|
|
|
|
+ if (!s.ok()) {
|
|
|
|
+ fprintf(stderr, "put error: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
|
|
|
|
+ exit(1);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.AddBytes(bytes);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void ReadSequential(ThreadState* thread) {
|
|
|
|
+ Iterator* iter = db_->NewIterator(ReadOptions());
|
|
|
|
+ int i = 0;
|
|
|
|
+ int64_t bytes = 0;
|
|
|
|
+ for (iter->SeekToFirst(); i < reads_ && iter->Valid(); iter->Next()) {
|
|
|
|
+ bytes += iter->key().size() + iter->value().size();
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
|
|
|
|
+ ++i;
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ delete iter;
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.AddBytes(bytes);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void ReadReverse(ThreadState* thread) {
|
|
|
|
+ Iterator* iter = db_->NewIterator(ReadOptions());
|
|
|
|
+ int i = 0;
|
|
|
|
+ int64_t bytes = 0;
|
|
|
|
+ for (iter->SeekToLast(); i < reads_ && iter->Valid(); iter->Prev()) {
|
|
|
|
+ bytes += iter->key().size() + iter->value().size();
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
|
|
|
|
+ ++i;
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ delete iter;
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.AddBytes(bytes);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void ReadRandom(ThreadState* thread) {
|
|
|
|
+ ReadOptions options;
|
|
|
|
+ std::string value;
|
|
|
|
+ int found = 0;
|
|
|
|
+ for (int i = 0; i < reads_; i++) {
|
|
|
|
+ char key[100];
|
|
|
|
+ const int k = thread->rand.Next() % FLAGS_num;
|
|
|
|
+ snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
|
|
|
|
+ if (db_->Get(options, key, &value).ok()) {
|
|
|
|
+ found++;
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ char msg[100];
|
|
|
|
+ snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "(%d of %d found)", found, num_);
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.AddMessage(msg);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void ReadMissing(ThreadState* thread) {
|
|
|
|
+ ReadOptions options;
|
|
|
|
+ std::string value;
|
|
|
|
+ for (int i = 0; i < reads_; i++) {
|
|
|
|
+ char key[100];
|
|
|
|
+ const int k = thread->rand.Next() % FLAGS_num;
|
|
|
|
+ snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d.", k);
|
|
|
|
+ db_->Get(options, key, &value);
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void ReadHot(ThreadState* thread) {
|
|
|
|
+ ReadOptions options;
|
|
|
|
+ std::string value;
|
|
|
|
+ const int range = (FLAGS_num + 99) / 100;
|
|
|
|
+ for (int i = 0; i < reads_; i++) {
|
|
|
|
+ char key[100];
|
|
|
|
+ const int k = thread->rand.Next() % range;
|
|
|
|
+ snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
|
|
|
|
+ db_->Get(options, key, &value);
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void SeekRandom(ThreadState* thread) {
|
|
|
|
+ ReadOptions options;
|
|
|
|
+ std::string value;
|
|
|
|
+ int found = 0;
|
|
|
|
+ for (int i = 0; i < reads_; i++) {
|
|
|
|
+ Iterator* iter = db_->NewIterator(options);
|
|
|
|
+ char key[100];
|
|
|
|
+ const int k = thread->rand.Next() % FLAGS_num;
|
|
|
|
+ snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
|
|
|
|
+ iter->Seek(key);
|
|
|
|
+ if (iter->Valid() && iter->key() == key) found++;
|
|
|
|
+ delete iter;
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ char msg[100];
|
|
|
|
+ snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "(%d of %d found)", found, num_);
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.AddMessage(msg);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void DoDelete(ThreadState* thread, bool seq) {
|
|
|
|
+ RandomGenerator gen;
|
|
|
|
+ WriteBatch batch;
|
|
|
|
+ Status s;
|
|
|
|
+ for (int i = 0; i < num_; i += entries_per_batch_) {
|
|
|
|
+ batch.Clear();
|
|
|
|
+ for (int j = 0; j < entries_per_batch_; j++) {
|
|
|
|
+ const int k = seq ? i+j : (thread->rand.Next() % FLAGS_num);
|
|
|
|
+ char key[100];
|
|
|
|
+ snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
|
|
|
|
+ batch.Delete(key);
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ s = db_->Write(write_options_, &batch);
|
|
|
|
+ if (!s.ok()) {
|
|
|
|
+ fprintf(stderr, "del error: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
|
|
|
|
+ exit(1);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void DeleteSeq(ThreadState* thread) {
|
|
|
|
+ DoDelete(thread, true);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void DeleteRandom(ThreadState* thread) {
|
|
|
|
+ DoDelete(thread, false);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void ReadWhileWriting(ThreadState* thread) {
|
|
|
|
+ if (thread->tid > 0) {
|
|
|
|
+ ReadRandom(thread);
|
|
|
|
+ } else {
|
|
|
|
+ // Special thread that keeps writing until other threads are done.
|
|
|
|
+ RandomGenerator gen;
|
|
|
|
+ while (true) {
|
|
|
|
+ {
|
|
|
|
+ MutexLock l(&thread->shared->mu);
|
|
|
|
+ if (thread->shared->num_done + 1 >= thread->shared->num_initialized) {
|
|
|
|
+ // Other threads have finished
|
|
|
|
+ break;
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ const int k = thread->rand.Next() % FLAGS_num;
|
|
|
|
+ char key[100];
|
|
|
|
+ snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
|
|
|
|
+ Status s = db_->Put(write_options_, key, gen.Generate(value_size_));
|
|
|
|
+ if (!s.ok()) {
|
|
|
|
+ fprintf(stderr, "put error: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
|
|
|
|
+ exit(1);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ // Do not count any of the preceding work/delay in stats.
|
|
|
|
+ thread->stats.Start();
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void Compact(ThreadState* thread) {
|
|
|
|
+ db_->CompactRange(NULL, NULL);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void PrintStats(const char* key) {
|
|
|
|
+ std::string stats;
|
|
|
|
+ if (!db_->GetProperty(key, &stats)) {
|
|
|
|
+ stats = "(failed)";
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ fprintf(stdout, "\n%s\n", stats.c_str());
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ static void WriteToFile(void* arg, const char* buf, int n) {
|
|
|
|
+ reinterpret_cast<WritableFile*>(arg)->Append(Slice(buf, n));
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ void HeapProfile() {
|
|
|
|
+ char fname[100];
|
|
|
|
+ snprintf(fname, sizeof(fname), "%s/heap-%04d", FLAGS_db, ++heap_counter_);
|
|
|
|
+ WritableFile* file;
|
|
|
|
+ Status s = Env::Default()->NewWritableFile(fname, &file);
|
|
|
|
+ if (!s.ok()) {
|
|
|
|
+ fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
|
|
|
|
+ return;
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ bool ok = port::GetHeapProfile(WriteToFile, file);
|
|
|
|
+ delete file;
|
|
|
|
+ if (!ok) {
|
|
|
|
+ fprintf(stderr, "heap profiling not supported\n");
|
|
|
|
+ Env::Default()->DeleteFile(fname);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+};
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+} // namespace leveldb
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
|
|
|
|
+ FLAGS_write_buffer_size = leveldb::Options().write_buffer_size;
|
|
|
|
+ FLAGS_open_files = leveldb::Options().max_open_files;
|
|
|
|
+ std::string default_db_path;
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
|
|
|
|
+ double d;
|
|
|
|
+ int n;
|
|
|
|
+ char junk;
|
|
|
|
+ if (leveldb::Slice(argv[i]).starts_with("--benchmarks=")) {
|
|
|
|
+ FLAGS_benchmarks = argv[i] + strlen("--benchmarks=");
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--compression_ratio=%lf%c", &d, &junk) == 1) {
|
|
|
|
+ FLAGS_compression_ratio = d;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--histogram=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1 &&
|
|
|
|
+ (n == 0 || n == 1)) {
|
|
|
|
+ FLAGS_histogram = n;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--use_existing_db=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1 &&
|
|
|
|
+ (n == 0 || n == 1)) {
|
|
|
|
+ FLAGS_use_existing_db = n;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--num=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
|
|
|
|
+ FLAGS_num = n;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--reads=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
|
|
|
|
+ FLAGS_reads = n;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--threads=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
|
|
|
|
+ FLAGS_threads = n;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--value_size=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
|
|
|
|
+ FLAGS_value_size = n;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--write_buffer_size=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
|
|
|
|
+ FLAGS_write_buffer_size = n;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--cache_size=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
|
|
|
|
+ FLAGS_cache_size = n;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--bloom_bits=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
|
|
|
|
+ FLAGS_bloom_bits = n;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--open_files=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
|
|
|
|
+ FLAGS_open_files = n;
|
|
|
|
+ } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "--db=", 5) == 0) {
|
|
|
|
+ FLAGS_db = argv[i] + 5;
|
|
|
|
+ } else {
|
|
|
|
+ fprintf(stderr, "Invalid flag '%s'\n", argv[i]);
|
|
|
|
+ exit(1);
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ // Choose a location for the test database if none given with --db=<path>
|
|
|
|
+ if (FLAGS_db == NULL) {
|
|
|
|
+ leveldb::Env::Default()->GetTestDirectory(&default_db_path);
|
|
|
|
+ default_db_path += "/dbbench";
|
|
|
|
+ FLAGS_db = default_db_path.c_str();
|
|
|
|
+ }
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
+ leveldb::Benchmark benchmark;
|
|
|
|
+ benchmark.Run();
|
|
|
|
+ return 0;
|
|
|
|
+}
|